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Victor AGADJANIAN, p. 415-423
Les �glises sionistes dans l’espace socio-culturel urbain
du Mozambique (1980-1990)
Fond�e sur des donn�es recueillies dans l’agglom�ration de Maputo entre 1980 et
1990, l’�tude pr�sente le r�le des �glises de type pentec�tiste couramment
connues comme " sion " ou sionistes dans l’espace socioculturel
de la ville, la structure et les affiliations de ces �glises et leurs relations avec les
autres acteurs sociaux du champ urbain.
Les adh�rents des �glises sionistes (IZ) proviennent des principales d�nominations
chr�tiennes du pays, attir�s par la promesse d’une cure miraculeuse. Malgr� ce
facteur d’attraction, la filiation aux IZ reste fluide et instable, et la
participation � des c�r�monies sionistes ne signifie pas n�cessairement une conversion
d�finitive.
Les IZ refl�tent simultan�ment le conflit entre les traditions indig�nes d’origine
rurale, les normes urbaines d’origine occidentale et l’interp�n�tration entre
les deux. Ce dualisme ethnoculturel se manifeste dans les relations entre les sionistes et
les gu�risseurs traditionnels. La participation aux IZ cr�e un nouveau type de liens
sociaux, sp�cialement parmi les femmes, et donc r�organise l’espace social
communautaire. Cette r�organisation inclut aussi bien des �l�ments de coh�sion et de
solidarit� que des facteurs de tensions et de schisme.
As Igrejas zione no espa�o socio-cultural de Mo�ambique urbano
(anos 1980-1990)
O presente estudo, baseado sobre dados recolhidos na Grande Maputo nos anos 1980 e 1990,
analisa o lugar e o papel das Igrejas do tipo pentecostal popularmente conhecidas como
ziones ou zionistas no espa�o s�cio-cultural da cidade, a estrutura e a afilia��o
dessas Igrejas, e as suas rela��es com outros actores sociais no palco urbano.
Os aderentes das Igrejas ziones (IZ) v�m das principais denomina��es crist�s do pa�s,
atraidos pela promessa duma cura milagrosa. Apesar desta atrac��o, a afilia��o com as
IZ continua fluida e inst�vel,
e a participa��o nas sess�es zionistas nem sempre significa uma convers�o definitiva.
As IZ refletem simultaneamente o conflito entre as tradi��es ind�genas de origem rural,
as normas urbanas de origem ocidental e a interpenetra��o entre ambas. Este dualismo
etnocultural manifesta-se nas rela��es entre os ziones e os curandeiros tradicionais. A
participa��o nas IZ cria um novo tipo dos la�os sociais, especialmente para mulheres, e
portanto reorganiza o espa�o social comunit�rio. Esta reorganiza��o inclui tanto os
elementos de coes�o e de solidariedade como os de tens�o e de cisma.
Zione Churches in the City’s Sociocultural Space of
Mozambique (1980-1990)
Drawing on data collected in Greater Maputo in the second half of the 1980 and the first
half of the 1990s, this study focuses on Pentecostal-type churches popularly known as
zione, or zionist. It analyzes the place and the role of these churches in the city’s
sociocultural space, their structure and membership and their relations with other social
actors in the urban scene.
The adherents of Zione churches (ZC) come from the nation’s mainline Christian
denominations, attracted by the promise of miracle healing. Despite its attractiveness,
the membership of ZC remains fluid and unstable, and participation in zione sessions does
not always mean a definite conversion.
ZC reflect the conflict between the rural-origin indigenous traditions and western-origin
urban norms and, at the same time, the interpenetration of the two. This ethnocultural
dualism is manifested in the relations between zionists and traditional healers.
Participation in ZC establishes a new type of social ties, especially for women, and
thereby rearranges the communal social space. This rearrangement includes both the
elements of cohesiveness and solidarity and those of tension and schism. |