Vous pouvez t�l�charger l'article int�gral au format pdf ou rtf

Brigitte LACHARTRE, p. 161-169

Qui a peur des ONG au Mozambique ? La relance d’une controverse
Au Mozambique, la pr�sence et le r�le des ONG sont l’objet de controverses qui n’ont fait que s’aviver avec l’importance croissante qu’elles ont acquise depuis le d�but des ann�es 1990. Auparavant, c’est leur place dans un �tat s’employant � construire le socialisme qui �tait sujette � caution et provoquait la m�fiance de la petite �lite politique et intellectuelle du pays. Depuis, c’est l’impact social des plans d’ajustement structurel et du n�olib�ralisme dominant qui provoque le rejet de l’ensemble de l’intervention �trang�re sur le sol mozambicain, tous organismes et ONG confondus. Mais peut-on faire le proc�s des ONG sans faire en m�me temps le proc�s des �tats ? Peut-on retenir contre les ONG leur culture anti-�tatique sans en rechercher l’origine et sans s’interroger sur les faillites et d�missions de l’�tat ? N’est-ce pas leur vision diff�rente de l’�tat qui oppose d�tracteurs et d�fenseurs des ONG ? Au Mozambique, c’est au fond du probl�me de la faiblesse de l’�tat dont il s’agit et des perspectives limit�es qu’il a de la surmonter dans le contexte actuel de la mondialisation.

Quem tem medo das ONG no Mo�ambique? O avivar de uma controversa
No Mo�ambique, a presen�a e a fun��o das ONG s�o objecto de controversas que n�o cessaram de avivar-se com a import�ncia crescente que adquiriram desde o in�cio dos anos 90. Dantes, era o seu lugar num Estado preocupando-se em construir o socialismo que estava sujeito � cau��o e provocava a desconfian�a da pequena elite pol�tica e intelectual do pa�s. Desde ent�o, � o impacto social dos planos de ajuste estrutural e do neoliberalismo dominante que provoca a rejei��o da totalidade da interven��o estrangeira no solo mo�ambicano, todos os organismos e as ONG confundidos. Mas podemos processar as ONG sem processar ao mesmo tempos Estados ? Podemos reter contra as ONG a sua cultura anti-et�tica sem procurar a origem e sem se interrogar sobre as fal�ncia e demiss�es do Estado ? N�o ser� a sua vis�o diferente do Estado que op�e detractores e defensores das ONG ? No Mo�ambique, � no fundo do problema da fraqueza do Estado e das perspectivas limitadas que tem de a ultrapassar no contexto actual da mundializa��o que temos a resposta

Who is afraid of the NGOs in Mozambique ? A controversial debate
The debate about the existence and the role of the NGOs in Mozambique has been all the more controversial as their number and importance have increased since the beginning of the 90’s. Before that, their mere presence in a State striving to establish socialism brought about mistrust and suspicion among the country’s political and intellectual elite. At present, criticism of nearly all foreign intervention on the Mozambican soil, whatever the nature of the aid, is linked to the social impact of the structural adjustment plans and the rejection of neo-liberalism as such. Is it possible, nevertheless, to put the NGOs on trial without also putting the States on trial ? Can one object to the NGOs for their anti-state culture without looking for its origin and without questioning the failures and withdrawals of the State ? Isn’t it their different vision of the State which opposes the NGOs detractors and defenders ? In Mozambique, there lies at the bottom of the controversy nothing more than the problem of the weakness of the State and the limited perspectives that the globalization context currently offers to overcome it.